The Discovery of Viagra: British Pfizer Scientists Peter Dunn and Albert Wood

Viagra, known scientifically as sildenafil citrate, was discovered by British Pfizer scientists Peter Dunn and Albert Wood in 1989. This groundbreaking discovery was not initially associated with treating erectile dysfunction but was targeted towards cardiovascular issues. The two scientists created a drug they believed would be useful in treating high blood pressure and angina, a chest pain associated with coronary heart disease.

The Initial Purpose of Sildenafil Citrate: High Blood Pressure and Angina

Sildenafil, the chemical name for Viagra, is an artificial compound that was originally synthesized and studied to treat hypertension (high blood pressure) and angina pectoris (a form of cardiovascular disease). The sildenafil compound was developed by Pfizer with the intention of easing these cardiovascular conditions. However, the drug's journey took an unexpected turn, leading to a whole new application.

The Role of Dr.

Nicholas Terrett: The "Father of Viagra"

Although the initial development of sildenafil citrate was carried out by Dunn and Wood, it was Dr. Nicholas Terrett who was named in the British patent for the drug. Often referred to as the "father of Viagra," Dr. Terrett's contributions helped shape the trajectory of the drug from heart medication to a solution for erectile dysfunction.

Early Trials of Sildenafil Citrate by Pfizer

Following the development of sildenafil citrate, Pfizer conducted several early trials of the compound. These trials were aimed at investigating its efficacy as a heart disease treatment. However, the results initially provided little hope for this application, leading to further exploration of the drug's potential uses.

Unexpected Results from Clinical Trials: Insights from Patients and Pfizer Team

While the primary aim of the trials was to test sildenafil citrate for heart conditions, male patients reported some unexpected effects. They noticed increased erections several days after taking a dose of the drug. This observation suggested a completely different direction for the drug, steering it towards the treatment of erectile dysfunction. This discovery was further pursued by Pfizer team members, including chemist Sir Simon Campbell and biologist Dr. Peter Ellis.

Pfizer's Realization of ED as an Unmet Medical Need

As the unexpected benefits of sildenafil citrate became more evident, Pfizer recognized the potential of this compound in treating erectile dysfunction (ED). They realized that ED was an unmet medical need and saw a major opportunity for financial gain. This marked a significant pivot in the direction of the drug's development.

FDA Approval in 1998: Viagra as the First Oral Treatment for Erectile Dysfunction

In 1998, the US Food and Drug Administration approved Viagra for use as an erectile dysfunction drug. This approval marked the birth of the first oral treatment for erectile dysfunction, a significant milestone in the field of sexual health. The drug was patented in 1996, and following FDA approval in March 1998, it was offered for sale in the United States later that year.

The Importance of Priority Review for Viagra

Viagra's approval was not just a landmark for Pfizer but also became a prominent feature in the media, with the drug making the cover of Time magazine under the headline “The Potency Pill.” This level of attention emphasized the importance and novelty of the drug, contributing to its success and cementing its place in medical history.